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| Registros recuperados: 239 | |
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| Brazil will benefit if it gains control of its vast Amazonian timber resources. Without immediate planning, the fate of much of the Amazon will be decided by predatory and largely unregulated timber interests. Logging in the Amazon is a transient process of natural resource mining. Older logging frontiers are being exhausted of timber resources and will face severe wood shortages within 5 yr. The Brazilian government can avoid the continued repetition of this process in frontier areas by establishing a network of National Forests (Florestas Nacionais or Flonas) to stabilize the timber industry and simultaneously protect large tracts of forest. Flonas currently comprise less than 2% of the Brazilian Amazon (83,000 km2). If all these forests were used for... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Amazon; Brazil; GIS model; Conservation; Logging; National forest; Production forest; Sustainable management; Tropical forest. |
| Ano: 2002 |
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| Fillion, Myriam; Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade de Brasília; Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur le bien-être, la santé, la société et l’environnement (CINBIOSE), Université du Québec à Montréal; Department of Biology, University of Ottawa; fillion.myriam@uqam.ca; Saint-Charles, Johanne; Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur le bien-être, la santé, la société et l’environnement (CINBIOSE), Université du Québec à Montréal; Faculté de communication, Université du Québec à Montréal; saint-charles.johanne@uqam.ca; Mongeau, Pierre; Faculté de communication, Université du Québec à Montréal; mongeau.pierre@uqam.ca; Mergler, Donna; Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur le bien-être, la santé, la société et l’environnement (CINBIOSE), Université du Québec à Montréal; mergler.donna@uqam.ca. |
| Social networks are a significant way through which rural communities that manage resources under common property regimes obtain food resources. Previous research on food security and social network analysis has mostly focused on egocentric network data or proxy variables for social networks to explain how social relations contribute to the different dimensions of food security. Whole-network approaches have the potential to contribute to former studies by revealing how individual social ties aggregate into complex structures that create opportunities or constraints to the sharing and distribution of food resources. We used a whole-network approach to investigate the role of network structure in contributing to the four dimensions of food security: food... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Amazon; Common property regimes; Community-based management; Fish consumption; Food security; Mercury; Natural resource management; Social networks; Strong ties. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Begossi, Alpina; Unicamp; alpina@unicamp.br. |
| The management of small-scale artisanal fisheries in Brazil should be a priority because of their importance as a source of food for internal markets and their location in sites with high biodiversity, such as the Atlantic Forest coast. Fishing spots, territories, and sea tenure have been widely studied within artisanal fisheries, and, in this study, a fishing spot of this type may be a defended area or an area that imposes rules for users, making the exclusion of outsiders feasible, or even a place in which fishing occurs with some exclusivity. This analysis takes into account the importance of fishing areas for the conservation of artisanal fishing in Brazil and the relative temporal stability of these areas. In particular, examples of the use of the... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Artisanal fisheries; Amazon; Atlantic Forest coast Brazil; Co-management; Territoriality; Fishing accords. |
| Ano: 2006 |
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| van Vliet, Nathalie; Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR); vanvlietnathalie@yahoo.com; Schor, Tatiana; Geography Department, Universidade Federal do Amazonas; tschor@ufam.edu.br; Tellez, Leady; Independent consultant; leadyjot@hotmail.com. |
| Wild meat is critical for the food security and income of millions of people, especially for poor rural households. Its role as a primary source of macronutrients worldwide has been recognized, but there have been few attempts to evaluate the contribution of bushmeat consumption to micronutrient intake. This is so particularly in the context of nutritional transitions induced by modernization and globalization. Here, we calculated the role of bushmeat as a source of micronutrients in the diets of urban and peri-urban inhabitants within the Tres Fronteras (Peru, Brazil, Colombia) region in the Amazon. We gathered food intake data from 35 households using 3-day 24-h food recalls combined with food weighing. Additionally, we interviewed 105 households on food... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Amazon; Bushmeat; Conservation; Food intake; Micronutrients; Nutrition. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Collen, Wain; International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics (IIIEE), Lund University; PlanJunto; wain.collen@planjunto.ec; Krause, Torsten; Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies; torsten.krause@lucsus.lu.se; Mundaca, Luis; International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics (IIIEE), Lund University; luis.mundaca@iiiee.lu.se; Nicholas, Kimberly A.; Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies; kimberly.nicholas.academic@gmail.com. |
| For programs that aim to promote forest conservation and poverty alleviation, such as Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+), the participation of indigenous communities is essential to meet program goals. Using Ostrom's theory of collective action for common pool resource management, we evaluated the institutions governing indigenous participation in the Programa Socio Bosque incentive-based conservation program in Ecuador. We conducted structured interviews with 94 members in 4 communities to assess community institutions for 6 of Ostrom's principles, using 12 measures we developed for the principles. We found substantial variation between communities in terms of their institutional performance. The best-performing community... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Amazon; Common pool resource (CPR); Forest governance; Forest policy; Socio Bosque. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| van Vliet, Nathalie; Center for International Forestry Research; vanvlietnathalie@yahoo.com; Jonhson Neves de Aquino, Lindon; Universidade Federal do Amazonas; lj.aquino@bol.com.br; Schor, Tatiana; Geography Department, Federal University of Amazonas; NEPECAB; tatiana.schor@gmail.com; Hernandez, Sara; Independent Expert in Environmental Economics; sarah-hernandez-p@hotmail.com; Nasi, Robert; Center for International Forestry Research; r.nasi@cgiar.org. |
| Recent studies have intended to quantify urban consumption and trade in Amazonian towns. However, little is still known about the different ways in which bushmeat is made available in urban areas, including commercial and noncommercial flows, and how those flows contribute to link forests to urban livelihoods. In this study we qualitatively describe the structure and functioning of bushmeat flows in terms of species, catchment area, stakeholders involved, and the motivations for their activity in the main towns of the Amazon trifrontier region between Brazil, Colombia, and Peru. We show that bushmeat trade to urban areas exists under an organized but invisible commodity chain providing a source of income to about 195 persons. Bushmeat is made available... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Amazon; Bushmeat; Exchange networks; Indigenous people; Trade; Urban areas. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Paavola , Jouni; Centre for Climate Change Economics and Policy (CCCEP); Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; j.paavola@leeds.ac.uk; Healey, John R.; School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University ; j.healey@bangor.ac.uk; Jones, Julia P.G.; School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University ; julia.jones@bangor.ac.uk; Baker, Timothy R.; School of Geography, University of Leeds; t.r.baker@leeds.ac.uk. |
| Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) has received strong support as a major component of future global climate change policy. The financial mechanism of REDD+ is payment for the ecosystem service of carbon sequestration in tropical forests that is expected to create incentives for conservation of forest cover and condition. However, the costs of achieving emissions reduction by these means remain largely unknown. We assess the set-up, implementation, and monitoring costs, i.e., collectively the transaction costs, of six of the first seven REDD+ project designs from the Peruvian Amazon and compare them with established projects in Brazil and Bolivia. The estimated costs vary greatly among the assessed projects from US$0.16 to... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Additionality; Amazon; Peru; REDD+; Set-up implementation and monitoring costs; Transaction costs. |
| Ano: 2013 |
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| Peres, Carlos A.; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK; C.Peres@uea.ac.uk. |
| Monitoring the distribution and abundance of hunted wildlife is critical to achieving sustainable resource use, yet adequate data are sparse for most tropical regions. Conventional methods for monitoring hunted forest-vertebrate species require intensive in situ survey effort, which severely constrains spatial and temporal replication. Integrating local ecological knowledge (LEK) into monitoring and management is appealing because it can be cost-effective, enhance community participation, and provide novel insights into sustainable resource use. We develop a technique to monitor population depletion of hunted forest wildlife in the Brazilian Amazon, based on the local ecological knowledge of rural hunters. We performed rapid interview surveys to estimate... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Amazon; Brazil; Game; Harvesting; Hunting; Interviews; Large mammals. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Duchelle, Amy E.; University of Florida; Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR); a.duchelle@cgiar.org; Cronkleton, Peter; Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR); p.cronkleton@cgiar.org; Kainer, Karen A.; University of Florida; kkainer@ufl.edu; Gezan, Salvador; University of Florida; sgezan@ufl.edu. |
| Increased devolution of forest ownership and management rights to local control has the potential to promote both conservation and livelihood development in remote tropical regions. Such shifts in property rights, however, can generate conflicts, particularly when combined with rapidly increasing values of forest resources. We explored the phenomenon of Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) theft in communities in Western Amazonia. Through interviews with 189 Brazil nut collectors in 12 communities in Bolivia and Brazil and participation in the 2006 and 2007 harvests, we quantified relative income derived from Brazil nuts, reported nut thefts, and nut collection and management practices. We found a much greater incidence of reported Brazil nut thefts in Pando,... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Amazon; Bertholletia excelsa; Brazil nut; Community forest management; Land tenure; Non-timber forest products; NTFPs. |
| Ano: 2011 |
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| Ribeiro,Felipe O.; Fernandes,Antonio R.; Matos,Gilson S. B. de; Lindolfo,Marcelo M.; Guedes,Rafael S.; Rodrigues,Graziele R.. |
| ABSTRACT This study aimed to define management zones (MZs) for fertirrigated açaí cultivation, based on spatial variability of the foliar nutrients and productivity data. The work was carried out in an area of 5.75 ha of a 7-year crop, with 80 georeferenced sample points. Fresh fruit productivity and nutrient (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) contents were determined. The average contents of macronutrients were considered adequate for adult açaí plants, and their spatial dependence associated with fruit productivity allowed the representation of their distributions through maps of variability. Through multivariate analysis, three main components were highlighted. These components explained 51.5 % of the total variability of the data, where PC1... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Amazon; Management zones; Multivariate analysis; Nutrient contents; Precision agriculture. |
| Ano: 2020 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162020000600800 |
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| Milhomem,Susana Suely Rodrigues; Souza,Augusto Cesar Paes de; Nascimento,Aline Lira do; Carvalho Jr.,Jaime Ribeiro; Feldberg,Eliana; Pieczarka,Julio Cesar; Nagamachi,Cleusa Yoshiko. |
| We studied the karyotypes of Hassar cf. orestis and an undescribed Hassar species from the Jarí River and Opsodoras ternetzi, H. orestis and Platydoras cf. costatus from the Xingú River, all with 2n = 58. Constitutive heterochromatin is located in the centromere in most metacentric pairs; in some chromosomes this banding is not present, or it is located on the whole chromosome arm or in the distal regions. The NOR is located on a single biarmed pair at a distal region of the short arm in H. cf. orestis, H. orestis and P. cf. costatus at a distal region of the long arm in O. ternetzi and at a proximal region of the long arm in the Hassar species. In all species (except for Hassar sp.) the CMA3 analysis revealed a rich G-C region coincident with the NOR.... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Chromosomes; Amazon; Biodiversity; Siluriformes; Banding; Fluorochromes. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572008000200017 |
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| Franco-de-Sá,Jorge Felipe Oliveira; Rosas,Fernando César Weber; Feldberg,Eliana. |
| The giant otter, Pteronura brasiliensis Zimmermann 1780 (Carnivora, Mustelidae, Lutrinae), was widely distributed in South America but stable populations are now only found in the Pantanal and Amazon regions and the species is classified as endangered. There is only one recognized species of giant otter, although two subspecies of doubtful value have also been cited in the literature. We present the first karyotype of four captive P. brasiliensis specimens, all of which posses 2n = 38 chromosomes as 14M+8SM+6ST+8A and one pair of sexual chromosomes. An heteromorphic secondary constriction, associated with the nucleolar organizer region (NOR), was seen on the long arms of chromosome pair 17. The C-banding technique revealed heterochromatin in the... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Amazon; Aquatic mammals; Ariranha; Karyotype. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572007000600011 |
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| Almeida-Val,Vera Maria Fonseca; Oliveira,Alice Reis; Silva,Maria de Nazaré Paula da; Ferreira-Nozawa,Monica Stropa; Araújo,Roziete Mendes; Val,Adalberto Luis; Nozawa,Sérgio Ricardo. |
| Adaptation or acclimation to hypoxia occurs via the modulation of physiologically relevant genes, such as erythropoietin, transferrin, vascular endothelial growth factor, phosphofructokinase and lactate dehydrogenase A. In the present study, we have cloned, sequenced and examined the modulation of the LDH-A gene after an Amazonian fish species, Astronotus crassipinis (the Oscar), was exposed to hypoxia and anoxia. In earlier studies, we have discovered that adults of this species are extremely tolerant to hypoxia and anoxia, while the juveniles are less tolerant. Exposure of juveniles to acute hypoxia and anoxia resulted in increased LDH-A gene expression in skeletal and cardiac muscles. When exposed to graded hypoxia juveniles show decreased LDH-A... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Amazon; Fishes; Gene expression; RT-PCR; LDH-A; Hypoxia; Anoxia. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572011000200025 |
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| Registros recuperados: 239 | |
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